How can the government, universities, and enterprises exert their efforts?, Deepen the integration of industry and education

The article points out that in order to comprehensively enhance the ability of education to serve high-quality development, it is necessary to coordinate vocational education, higher education, and continuing education, promote the integration of vocational education, industry education, and science education, and continuously cultivate high-quality technical and skilled talents, great country craftsmen, and skilled craftsmen.

Deepening the integration of industry and education is the only way to realize the high-quality development of China's higher education, the intersection of national economic and social transformation in the new era, the reform of talent training mode in colleges and universities, and the construction of knowledge innovation enterprises, the foothold to promote the organic connection of the education chain, talent chain, industry chain, and innovation chain, and the focus of higher education to support the construction of Chinese path to modernization.

1、 Stimulate the joint efforts of demand side and supply side reforms, and promote the complementary and mutual promotion of heterogeneous resources in industry and education

Against the backdrop of global technological competition and a new round of industrial transformation, the integration of industry and education has been given a new historical mission. In October 2019, six departments including the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Education jointly issued the "Pilot Implementation Plan for National Industry Education Integration Construction", pointing out that deepening industry education integration is a strategic measure to promote education priority development, talent led development, industrial innovation development, and high-quality economic development, which are interconnected, coordinated, and mutually reinforcing. Shanghai is implementing the pilot task of building a national industry education integrated city, with a focus on supporting the construction of the core area of the national industry education integration pilot in the Lingang New Area, creating a number of industry education integrated parks, universities, and disciplinary professional groups, and striving to make breakthroughs in the industry education integration system, talent training reform, and major platform carrier innovation. In 2021, the Lingang New Area released the "Construction Plan for the National Industry Education Integration Pilot Core Area", which clearly stated that "with high-level industrial talent cultivation serving high-quality development as the main line, open innovation as the driving force, and promoting the comprehensive integration of talent cultivation supply side and industrial demand side structural elements as the focus, we will accelerate the construction of the National Industry Education Integration Demonstration Zone, provide new momentum for the special economic function zone and modern new city construction of the Lingang New Area, and provide new samples for the deep integration of national industry education.". The driving force of regional economic development, the endogenous force of industrial structure transformation, and the supportive force of industry education integration policies all bring unprecedented new opportunities for deepening industry education integration and promoting high-quality development of higher education.

On the path of deepening the integration of industry and education, challenges and opportunities coexist. From the perspective of social relations, the integration of industry and education is a collaborative governance and win-win situation among multiple entities such as the government, schools, and enterprises. How to build an open and win-win mechanism for the integration of industry and education while respecting the respective values and operating systems of diverse subjects still requires continuous exploration and innovation. From the perspective of university governance, the integration of industry and education has put forward new task requirements for the discipline layout, talent cultivation, team building, scientific research innovation, and management mode of universities. How to promote reform and stimulate the endogenous motivation of teachers and students in accordance with the requirements of industry and education integration, while complying with educational laws and strengthening modern university functions, still faces many difficulties.

To deepen the integration of industry and education and achieve high-quality development of higher education, it is necessary to stimulate the joint efforts of demand and supply sides under the drive of diversified policies, promote the complementarity and mutual promotion of heterogeneous resources in the education and teaching system and industrial enterprise system. By building a community for the integration of industry and education among multiple entities such as government, schools, and enterprises, we aim to comprehensively improve the quality of talent cultivation, expand employment and entrepreneurship, promote industrial transformation and upgrading, and cultivate new drivers of economic development.

2、 Building a development community for the integration of industry and education, and promoting comprehensive and deep integration of industry and education

The development community of industry education integration is the deepening stage of industry education integration. It integrates multiple entities such as government, schools, and enterprises, and collaboratively completes functional modules such as talent cultivation, technological innovation, and social services in a common value, goal, and interest field. It has the characteristics of diverse subjects, diverse modes, interactive symbiosis, mutual benefit and win-win, and demonstrates symbiosis, inclusiveness, openness, and growth in cooperation methods.

To build a community for the development of industry education integration, interests are the foundation, win-win is the goal, and establishing a collaborative mechanism is an important guarantee. In the process of promoting the integration of industry and education, the government, schools, and enterprises are both value creators and stakeholders. Only by accurately grasping the intersection of interests among different parties can we achieve shared benefits and win-win outcomes. Specifically, the government's focus is on forming a development pattern of coordinated integration and positive interaction between education and industry, and stimulating new driving forces for regional economic and social development; The focus of the school is to rely on policy support, gather enterprise resources, and collaborate to cultivate high-quality talents who serve the development of regional industries and the needs of enterprises; The focus of enterprises is to leverage political and educational talents, technology, and policy support to promote high-quality development in cost reduction, quality improvement, and efficiency enhancement. Only by taking into account the value needs of multiple stakeholders, leveraging the value functions of different stakeholders, and achieving a reasonable consensus on benefit distribution, can a long-term cooperation and win-win, collaborative governance mechanism be established.

Therefore, the government, universities, and enterprises should play their respective roles, actively improve the mechanism of industry education integration, build a platform for industry education integration, continuously improve the system of industry education integration, form a collaborative work pattern among the government, schools, and enterprises, and promote the detailed implementation of industry education integration, from simple integration to two-way integration, and then to achieve comprehensive and deep integration.

From the government's perspective, it is necessary to play the role of policy supply and resource allocation, provide public services and supervision management, and promote the standardized development of industry education integration. Specifically, the first is to improve the laws and regulations on the integration of industry and education. Establish a standard system for corporate social responsibility and include the evaluation results of corporate performance in the corporate social responsibility report. The second is to provide policy support for the integration of industry and education. Encourage financial institutions to lower the financing threshold for industry education integration projects, provide structural tax reduction policies for industry education integration enterprises, establish an excellent enterprise recognition system for industry education integration, and give recognition and corresponding economic rewards to enterprises that have made outstanding contributions. Thirdly, we need to establish a platform for the integrated development of industry and education. Integrate high-quality resources of universities and enterprises, provide opportunities for mutual development, expand common interests, enhance cooperation value, and share development achievements.

From the perspective of universities, they bear the responsibility and mission of cultivating a large number of new era engineering and technical talents capable of national rejuvenation. Therefore, universities should broaden the channels for enterprises to participate in the talent cultivation process, so that enterprises can truly participate in the entire process of talent cultivation. One is to innovate the mechanism of integrating industry and education for governance. The School Enterprise Joint Construction Industry Education Integration Development Council holds regular working meetings and collaborates with enterprise experts to discuss major issues related to the development of the school. The second is to facilitate the two-way flow mechanism of talents. Hire enterprise technical experts as part-time teachers to open up channels for the promotion of industry teachers; Dispatch university teachers to enterprises for on-the-job training and participate in enterprise technology research and development. The third is to improve the mechanism of collaborative education between schools and enterprises. Through the joint talent training program between schools and enterprises, the establishment of a professional curriculum system, and the joint implementation of student internships and practical training, effective integration between enterprise employment standards and university talent training standards can be achieved. At the same time, universities should actively connect with regional industrial layout to help empower enterprise development. On the one hand, establish a new type of research and development institution, jointly build an industry university research innovation platform with industry enterprises, collaborate in key technological fields, and assist enterprises in solving practical technical problems. On the other hand, tailored employee on-the-job training courses are tailored to meet the needs of the enterprise, empowering talents to further improve.

From the perspective of enterprises, it is necessary to fully recognize the importance of knowledge innovation for the development of enterprises, actively assume educational responsibilities, and build a new corporate culture suitable for the deep integration of schools and enterprises. One is to actively participate in the collaborative education system, jointly build modern industrial colleges with universities, customize and cultivate high-quality applied talents urgently needed for enterprise development, and provide educational resources such as venues, teachers, and bases for talent cultivation in universities. The second is to actively seek intellectual support from universities, formulate long-term plans for enterprise human resources, and jointly build an employee training system with universities. The third is to jointly build a collaborative innovation platform, cooperate with universities to carry out scientific and technological research, and share technical talents and research achievements.

3、 Fully implement the new development concept and promote the high-quality development of higher education through the integration of high-quality industry and education

To deepen the integration of industry and education, we must fully implement the new development concept, closely integrate the elements and characteristics of industry and education integration with the social functions of universities, and promote the high-quality development of higher education through high-quality integration of industry and education.

At the conceptual level, the new development concept of "innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing" should be integrated into the entire process of industry education integration. "Innovation" means promoting innovative models such as joint talent training, two-way team mobility, and school enterprise scientific and technological cooperation; "Coordination" means exploring the establishment of a collaborative development mechanism that deeply integrates multiple entities such as universities, governments, industries, and enterprises; "Green" means promoting harmonious coexistence among diverse subjects and building a sustainable development community for the integration of industry and education; "Openness" means introducing more high-quality educational resources for cooperation, building more platforms to promote cooperation; "Sharing" means actively establishing a sharing mechanism to achieve mutual benefit and win-win outcomes with all cooperating parties.

At the practical level, the effectiveness of talent cultivation, technological innovation, and social services should be taken as important criteria for evaluating the quality of industry education integration. Specifically, it depends on whether a large number of high-quality applied talents urgently needed for industrial development have been cultivated. The evaluation of the integration of industry and education in a university is not based on the number of cooperation between schools and enterprises or the number of agreements signed, but on the number of high-quality engineering and technical application talents trained through collaborative education, facing the main battlefield of economic construction, serving national strategic needs, leading future industrial development, with innovative and entrepreneurial abilities, dynamic adaptability, and complex engineering and technical problem-solving abilities. The second is to see if a large number of technological achievements with industry influence and application value have been produced. The evaluation of the integration of industry and education in a university is not based on the number of published papers or the number of project proposals, but on the number of technological innovation achievements that have industry impact and application value. This includes significant scientific research contributions in tackling key core technologies and solving bottleneck problems, as well as on-site research and development achievements with strong applicability and service, focusing on technological inventions, achievement patents, and other key core technologies of industry enterprises. The third is to see if it effectively serves and promotes regional economic and social development. The evaluation of the integration of industry and education in a university cannot only be based on the number of base constructions and listings, but also on whether the school closely adheres to local development needs, truly establishing a development pattern of positive interaction between industry and education, and complementary integration between schools and enterprises. Schools resonate with industrial development, solving real problems and making real contributions in serving major national strategies and regional economic and social development.

Shanghai needs to continue to be the vanguard of national reform and opening up, a pioneer in innovative development, and accelerate the construction of a socialist modern international metropolis with global influence. It urgently needs high-quality education, high-level technology, and high-quality talents. To this end, we must vigorously promote the comprehensive reform of higher education, take the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents as the breakthrough point, serve major national and regional strategies as the focus, deepen the integration of industry and education, science and education, and enhance the governance efficiency of higher education. As a local application-oriented university in Shanghai, we need to deeply grasp the internal mechanism and underlying logic of promoting high-quality development, focus on national strategic needs, base ourselves on the school's educational positioning, and face future industrial development. We should actively gather resources from government, schools, and enterprises to bridge the "last mile" of industry education integration. As long as multiple parties work together and work together for a long time to build a community for the development of industry education integration, it will surely promote the high-quality development of applied universities.