To maintain health in summer and autumn, the Shanghai Public Health Office reminds citizens: keep four things in mind

The climate in summer and autumn is hot and humid, which is suitable for the reproduction of bacteria and viruses. It is also the peak period for the activity of vector organisms such as mosquitoes. Therefore, it has become the season of high incidence of intestinal infectious diseases, respiratory infectious diseases and insect-borne infectious diseases. In order to enhance citizens' awareness of disease prevention, promote the development of healthy behaviors, and combine the characteristics of disease prevention and control, the Municipal Health Care Office has given out key tips -

The epidemic season for dengue fever is from May to November every year, and the epidemic peak is from July to September. Dengue fever is an infectious disease transmitted through the bites of Aedes mosquitoes, mainly through the route of "patient → Aedes mosquito → other people". Once infected with dengue fever, symptoms such as high fever, headache, joint pain, and rash will often occur. In severe cases, it may lead to bleeding or shock. Therefore, pay attention to the cleanliness of the environment, remove stagnant water, and clean frequently; protect your home, install screen doors and windows, and use mosquito control tools correctly; pay attention to personal protection, pay attention to hygiene, bathe frequently, and try to wear light-colored long-sleeved clothes and pants when going out. Environmentally friendly mosquito repellent, seek medical attention immediately if you experience fever or headache after mosquito bites.

Summer and autumn are still the growth and breeding periods of ticks. Red spots and papules will appear at the site of tick bites, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as fever, headache, and fatigue. It is recommended to wear long-sleeved clothes and long trousers for outdoor activities, try to tuck the trousers into socks, and standardize the use of insect repellent containing DEET and other ingredients; check the body carefully after activities, especially in skin folds, and if tick bites are found, seek medical advice promptly. Use tweezers and other tools to carefully remove the tick, closely observe the physical condition, and seek medical treatment promptly if there are any abnormalities for standardized treatment.

Summer and autumn are the seasons with high incidence of intestinal infectious diseases. Wash your hands before meals, after defecation, and before processing food; disinfect tableware regularly; keep clean when handling food, separate raw and cooked food, and cook meat and eggs thoroughly; eat less or not at all Reheat leftovers thoroughly if needed. When eating raw fruits and melons, wash them thoroughly and avoid eating unclean or spoiled food.

We should also be wary of respiratory infections in summer and autumn, especially the acute respiratory infectious disease "whooping cough" caused by B. pertussis, and strengthen indoor ventilation. If paroxysmal or spasmodic cough occurs and the cough ends with a rooster-like inhalation roar, seek medical treatment promptly, standardize treatment, and use medication rationally.

Summer and autumn are also the seasons when some plant pollen spreads. People with allergies may experience symptoms of pollen allergy, such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy skin, etc. Pay attention to protection, reduce outdoor activities, and wear a mask when going out.

There are relatively many high-temperature and high-humidity weathers, and the human body is prone to sweating a lot, leading to loss of water and electrolytes, dehydration, heat stroke, etc. It is recommended to keep abreast of high temperature warning information, arrange your outing time reasonably, and try to avoid going out or strenuous activities during hot periods. When going out, it is recommended to wear light, breathable, light-colored clothing, wear a sun protection hat, sunglasses or a parasol to reduce direct sunlight exposure. Good sun protection preparation.

Take in enough water every day, eat a light diet, and eat more fresh fruits and vegetables to ensure sufficient energy. When you sweat a lot, add salt appropriately to ensure electrolyte balance, and do not drink drinks containing alcohol or a lot of sugar.

Personnel working under high temperature conditions, or working outdoors for long periods of time during the day, should take necessary protective measures, reasonably adjust work and rest times, pay attention to the balance between work and rest, and avoid excessive fatigue. If you experience dizziness, headache, flushed complexion, thirst, or heavy sweating, evacuate the high temperature environment immediately, go to a cool and ventilated place to rest quietly and replenish water; in case of serious illness, call "120" immediately, and you need to cool down quickly.

Use air conditioning in summer and autumn, adjust the temperature reasonably, and try to ensure that the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is not too large to avoid catching a cold. Open windows regularly for ventilation to ensure air circulation.

Summer and autumn are the peak travel seasons. Travel planners should understand the epidemic situation and health risks of infectious diseases in destinations in advance. Before traveling, prepare regular clothing, water bottles, towels and other personal items. It is also recommended to carry necessary medicines, anti-mosquito supplies, masks, alcohol pads, etc. with you. Depending on weather changes, it is recommended to bring rain gear, sunglasses, sun hat, etc. When traveling, wash your hands well before eating, eat with multiple people, and use serving chopsticks and spoons proactively. After checking into the hotel, take the initiative to open the windows for ventilation. When traveling, be careful to prevent mosquito bites, falls, traffic accidents, etc. If you develop any symptoms during travel, seek medical advice promptly.

When traveling out of the country and entering the country, take the initiative to cooperate with the entry quarantine and fill in the health declaration card truthfully. After the trip, if you feel unwell, seek medical treatment promptly and truthfully inform your travel history.