Is Shanghai going to build another "valley"? Rural | Agriculture | Shanghai

Release time:Apr 14, 2024 15:59 PM

In Shanghai, the added value of agriculture accounts for less than 0.22% of the city's GDP, but the rural area in the suburbs exceeds 60%, making it a typical case of "small agriculture and large suburbs". The suburban countryside, backed by the metropolis, has many advantages such as market, technology, and capital. How to leverage its own advantages and industrial characteristics, improve the modernization level of agricultural facilities, empower modern agriculture with modern technology, and explore a path to rural revitalization that adapts to mega cities is a major issue.

At present, Fengxian District, together with the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology, the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and the Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, is working together to build the "Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley", focusing on key technology research and development in industries such as biological genes, seed cultivation, plant extraction, digital agriculture, and modern agricultural equipment. A new research and development institution is being established, focusing on improving the ability of agricultural innovation policy sources, and making every effort to create a source of agricultural science and technology innovation, a breeding ground for agricultural new variety research and development, and a gathering place for agricultural science and technology innovation enterprise headquarters. By the end of the 14th Five Year Plan, the Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley is taking shape.

A few days ago, the Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley Expert Seminar co-sponsored by the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission, the Municipal Agricultural and Rural Committee, the Fengxian District People's Government, and the Municipal Academy of Agricultural Sciences was held in Fengxian. Many leaders, leaders, and practical experts in agriculture-related fields gathered together to discuss new ideas and new paths for the innovation and development of agricultural science and technology around the theme of "uniting the strength of science and technology to shape the future of agriculture". In order to better promote the "Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley" to clarify the functional orientation, identify the research field, and clarify the development direction.

Developing Smart Agriculture in Shanghai with High Quality Innovation Soil

At the seminar, Qi Fei, Chief Engineer and Researcher of the Planning and Design Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, presented two charts, one showing the increasing labor costs year by year, and the other showing the stable and moderate growth of agricultural product prices.

A set of data is also thought-provoking. Zhao Chunjiang, an academician of the CAE Member, director of the National Agricultural Information Engineering Technology Research Center, and chief scientist, mentioned that in current agricultural production, the labor cost exceeds 50% of the total cost, of which 70% or more is in facility agriculture.

In this context, the technological substitution of agricultural entities is difficult to avoid.

On the other hand, in the Global Science and Technology Innovation Center Development Index 2022 released last year, Shanghai entered the top ten and ranked first. From this dimension, Qi Fei believes that Shanghai's technological innovation foundation will benefit the development of the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley towards smart agriculture innovation.

According to Zhao Chunjiang, smart agriculture is a new agricultural model that utilizes modern technology and information technology to improve agricultural production efficiency and sustainable development. It involves various technologies and applications, including the Internet of Things, big data analysis, remote sensing technology, sensor technology, etc. Based on the background of innovative development of artificial intelligence technology in Shanghai, the Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley can focus on the research and development of smart agricultural technology and equipment, the application of artificial intelligence models and algorithms in agriculture, and the research and development of high-end intelligent equipment. In addition, high-end intelligent devices such as agricultural robots will also be the development trend of reducing costs and increasing efficiency in agriculture in the future.

Finding the right track is equally crucial. In Zhao Chunjiang's view, in recent years, various parts of the country have been vigorously developing seed source agriculture, including major agricultural provinces such as Shandong and Henan. However, based on the size of the Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley, developing seed source agriculture alone does not have obvious advantages, and homogeneous research may even bring the possibility of resource waste. Taking the source of rice as an example, there are over 4000 rice varieties in China today, and many people do not know which one to choose, resulting in a significant waste of resources. Therefore, it is better to explore alternative ways and actively develop high-throughput plant phenotype platforms and breeding accelerators.

The reporter learned that compared with traditional breeding, breeding accelerators have the characteristics of faster detection speed, lower cost, and larger flux. They can more efficiently perform genetic testing and feedback on more plants, allowing researchers to screen the optimal variety from a large amount of materials in the laboratory and form iterations, greatly reducing field work and expenses. With the continuous expansion of agricultural breeding scale, breeding accelerators will become emerging carriers and technological means of breeding in the future big data era. Zhao Chunjiang believes that Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley can use this to build a platform for seed industry innovation and development, and walk out of the differentiated path of agricultural technology development.

In the view of Lu Baorong, Director and Distinguished Professor of the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley should continue to play its leading role in science and technology in Shanghai. Therefore, compared to the total agricultural output, the radiation range of agricultural science and technology is a more intuitive manifestation of quantifying the value achievements of Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley.

What do you learn from other "valleys"?

The successful experience behind the world-renowned science and technology innovation valley can serve as a reference for Fengxian to build an agricultural science and technology innovation valley. Qi Fei, Chief Engineer and Researcher of the Planning and Design Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, stated that throughout world-renowned science and technology innovation valleys such as Silicon Valley in the United States, Tsukuba Science City in Japan, and Grenoble Science and Technology Park in France, their common characteristics include abundant educational and research resources, a sound technology and financial system, a mature industrial cluster structure, and a good innovation and entrepreneurship environment.

For example, if we focus more on the field of agricultural science and technology innovation, the Netherlands is a valuable reference object. The Netherlands, with a land area of only 41800 square kilometers, has maintained a world-renowned agricultural miracle, which cannot be separated from the scientific research achievements of the University and Research Center of Wageningen. However, Qi Fei mentioned that even though it is currently recognized as one of the world's top agricultural and environmental science research institutions, the development process of Huada is not smooth sailing. Instead, the government takes the lead in leading the reform of the agricultural science and technology system, attaches great importance to the close connection between the private sector and public research institutions, and constantly changes the way the government supports public research institutions, which provides a continuous source of vitality and freedom for Huada's scientific and technological innovation development.

Let's take a look at the positioning characteristics of some agricultural innovation centers in China. Hainan is continuously building the "Southern Silicon Valley" and will become an important growth pole for the development of China's seed industry in the future; The Dongying Yellow Triangle Agricultural High tech Zone takes the innovation of saline alkali agricultural technology as the leading factor and constructs a demonstration zone for modern agricultural high-tech industry in saline alkali land. The "Nonggu" in Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, focuses on agricultural and sideline food processing as the leading industry, and has built a national comprehensive demonstration zone for healthy food and functional agriculture, a science and technology industry incubation demonstration zone, a characteristic agricultural product advantage zone, and an agricultural product processing and logistics distribution zone.

In Qi Fei's view, although Shanghai does not have a clear advantage in the scale of agricultural development, if it can meet Shanghai's regional development goals and find a "small but irreplaceable role", the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley can still make a difference. "In terms of long-term positioning, Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley should also develop towards becoming an agricultural Silicon Valley that leads global agricultural technology innovation. At the same time, it should also demonstrate characteristics similar to Silicon Valley in the United States, such as highly concentrated industrial factors, highly active technological innovation, high-quality business environment, public services, and innovation and entrepreneurship environment."

A more coordinated triangular interaction among government, enterprises, and talents

At the forum, multiple experts mentioned that the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements cannot be achieved without the participation of enterprises. How to transform high-tech into conventional technology and ultimately be digested by the market requires the Science and Technology Innovation Valley to provide an innovation environment that can support a high proportion of convertible technologies. "Therefore, to ensure that the business environment of the Science and Technology Innovation Valley is relatively the best, the innovation ecosystem should have global advantages," said Qi Fei.

Ultimately, the ultimate implementation of scientific and technological innovation still relies on people. In the blueprint for the construction of the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley, the "talent element" remains crucial. Zhao Chunjiang gave a counterexample that a certain agricultural high-tech industrial park in China, after investing a large amount of funds to complete infrastructure construction, was unable to exert its effectiveness due to insufficient recruitment of scientific research talent teams. "How to use policies to attract talents is the key to the development of Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley."

Stable scientific research support is equally important in retaining talent and stimulating innovation vitality. Li Jinsong, a researcher of the Molecular Cell Science Innovation Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, believes that the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley should carry out more free, independent and distinctive scientific research projects, avoid researchers from conducting homogeneous and involutive research in pursuit of funding, and then attract scientific research talents at different levels to join the construction team of the Science and Technology Innovation Valley, forming a "pyramid" talent structure.

On the other hand, as a carrier of technological innovation, enterprises also contribute to helping the Science and Technology Innovation Valley attract talent. In the view of Lu Baorong, Director and Distinguished Professor of the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, the goal of enterprises is to create economic value. Therefore, there should be a mature coordination mechanism for the allocation of scientific and technological talents and research funds within them.

Zhao Chunjiang mentioned that from a more long-term and strategic perspective, the development of Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Valley requires sustained favorable policy environment support. In response, Lu Min, Deputy Director of the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology, stated that Shanghai will strengthen policy supply, increase cooperation in source innovation, technological breakthroughs, achievement transformation, and innovation ecology, guide more outstanding talents, technologies, and projects to settle in Fengxian, and promote the innovative development of agricultural science and technology.

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