What progress has been made in the global challenge of jointly tackling Liangzhu and Dunhuang after holding hands for a full year? Protection | Site | World Wide
Liangzhu Ancient City Site Park
The "Hangzhou Liangzhu Day" in 2023 is approaching.
On July 6th last year, the Management Committee of Liangzhu Site in Hangzhou and the Dunhuang Research Institute teamed up to jointly tackle a global challenge in the field of cultural relic protection - the protection of soil sites in humid environments.
What progress has been made in tackling this global problem after holding hands for a full year? Recently, reporters visited the Liangzhu Site for exploration.
At present, the South City Wall Site in Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins Park and the Laohuling Dam Site in Laohuling Ruins Park are two experimental sites for the protection of soil sites in humid environments.
Due to its humid environment in the south, the Liangzhu Site generally experiences problems such as water seepage, cracking, surface powdering and peeling, discoloration, and biological diseases, especially the exposed Nancheng Wall and the profile of the Laohuling Dam.
"The main issue is to solve the water problem," Gao Haiyan, Deputy Director of the Heritage Monitoring Department of the World Heritage Monitoring and Management Center at the Liangzhu Ancient City Site in Hangzhou, told reporters. "This water includes atmospheric precipitation, moisture in the air, surface water, groundwater, etc." The specific situation of each site is different, and we will customize a plan. "
South City Wall Site Exhibition Point
At the South City Wall site display point, an open protective shed is used to prevent rainfall erosion and create a relatively stable microenvironment for site preservation.
On this basis, problems such as seepage and poor drainage can be solved by constructing retaining walls, laying impermeable blankets, constructing drainage ditches, planting shallow root plants, and using pumps to pump water. At the same time, soil with similar color and properties to the archaeological section of the site was selected to repair the cracks in the archaeological section of the South City Wall, and deeper cracks were grouted.
At the site of the Tiger Ridge Dam, a semi enclosed shading protection shed was constructed, and two schemes of enclosed environment high humidity protection and backfill protection were adopted for the dam body.
A section of the dam body covered by glass is protected by a closed environment with high humidity. Environmental automatic control equipment is used to simulate the humidity that is most conducive to the protection of the dam body. Microbial treatment of lichens and other microorganisms on the surface of the dam body is carried out in collaboration with the Zhejiang University team; The dam body on both sides of the glass cover is protected by backfilling.
"A lot of technical work in terms of protection was completed last year. The most important thing for us this year is to analyze and observe, and verify the effectiveness of these technologies through data analysis, daily monitoring, etc." Gao Haiyan said. From this year's situation, the protection of the two archaeological sites is effective, but long-term observation is still needed.
Part of the Laohuling Dam Site is protected by a high humidity environment enclosed with a glass cover
She gave a very small example: in the past, on the dam body of the Tiger Ridge site, due to factors such as light, temperature, and humidity, there were often moss, lichens, and other organisms that needed to be treated at regular intervals. Over the past year, the dam body has hardly been treated, and the texture of grass wrapped mud is still clearly visible.
In addition to the technical verification of two archaeological sites, the Liangzhu Site Management Area Management Committee has continued to promote the construction of a "one center, one base, and one laboratory" scientific and technological protection system for archaeological sites in the past year.
"One Center" refers to the Southeast Branch of the National Ancient Mural and Soil Site Protection Engineering Technology Center, which was unveiled last year.
Based on this national platform, the Liangzhu Site and the Dunhuang Research Institute are collaborating to promote research on the degradation mechanism of archaeological profiles and preventive protection technologies at the Liangzhu Site. At present, the production of indoor experimental samples has been completed, and indoor simulation experiments are being carried out.
"One Base" refers to a monitoring and protection research base for humid environmental soil sites established in collaboration with the Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage, Zhejiang Provincial Bureau of Cultural Heritage, and Zhejiang University.
"One laboratory" refers to the creation of a laboratory for the protection of soil relics in humid environments.
According to Gao Haiyan, the preliminary construction of the laboratory has been completed, with plans to include a biological laboratory, a soil site construction process laboratory, a protective materials laboratory, and a digital laboratory.
On the basis of cooperation with domestic universities and institutions, the Liangzhu Site Management Area Management Committee has also started independent innovation and made efforts in academic research on the protection of earthen sites this year.
For example, in order to accelerate the process of talent cultivation, effectively improve the academic research of Liangzhu culture and the level of Liangzhu site protection and management, a jade carving plan has been formulated and implemented. Currently, six topics, including "Museums based Decoding and Dissemination of Scientific and Technological Archaeological Achievements - Taking the Liangzhu Cultural Plant Exhibition Project of the Liangzhu Museum as an Example," have been included in the first batch of "jade carving plan" project proposals for 2023; The preliminary research report on the hydrological and geological survey and monitoring research of the Liangzhu Ancient City Site has been completed.
