To achieve high-quality economic development, several relationships should be handled well
Author: Lou Jifang
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that "high-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way." High quality economic development is the core and key to high-quality development, and also an important foundation for promoting Chinese path to modernization. The development of China's socialist market economy has created two rare miracles, namely rapid economic growth and long-term social stability. A market economy is essentially an "efficiency economy", and a "good" market economy should be an economy with a "high input-output ratio", that is, under the same input, the more output is better, or under the same output, the less input is better. Therefore, improving quality and efficiency is also an essential requirement of a market economy. In the process of promoting high-quality economic development, we must adhere to the overall tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, fully and accurately implement the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, comprehensively consider and plan, properly handle the relationships between the government and the market, efficiency and fairness, material civilization and spiritual civilization, self-reliance and opening up to the outside world, economic development and ecological protection, development and security, and promote the effective improvement of the quality and reasonable growth of the economy. These are not only important contradictions facing the new stage of China's economic development, but also important issues that urgently need to be solved to achieve high-quality economic development.
Properly handling the relationship between the government and the market. High quality economic development should adhere to the perfect combination of "effective market" and "promising government". The government and the market are two means of regulating the economy, which complement each other and are indispensable. The market plays a decisive role in resource allocation, and the law of value regulates the spontaneous operation of the economy. The government compensates for market failure through policy guidance, management supervision, policy intervention, and other measures. To build an effective market, we must adhere to the principles of marketization and rule of law, and fully leverage the decisive role of the market in resource allocation. To build a capable government, it is necessary to give full play to the government's functions and roles in macroeconomic regulation, market supervision, social management, public services, and environmental protection, respect the objective laws of the market and economy, and achieve the goals of "filling the gap without overstepping it" and "being proactive without disorderly behavior".
Properly handle the relationship between efficiency and fairness. High quality economic development should adhere to the principle of "expanding the cake" while "distributing the cake well". The market economy is an efficiency economy, and expanding the total economic output is an important goal of developing the market economy, as well as an important manifestation of the superiority of the socialist market economy system. "Sharing the cake well" is the driving force behind the development of the market economy, and the ultimate source of economic development is the entire people. We must ensure that the fruits of economic development benefit all people. Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and an important feature of Chinese path to modernization. Solid promotion of common prosperity is the internal requirement for the effective operation of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics. There is no small matter in people's livelihood, and every branch and leaf is closely related to the situation. While continuously expanding and strengthening the overall economic output, we must closely pay attention to the shortcomings and weaknesses in social distribution and people's livelihoods, and provide support and assistance through transfer payments, social security, and other means, striving to narrow the development gap between regions, urban and rural areas, and industries, so that all people can share the wealth growth and improvement in life brought about by economic development.
Properly handling the relationship between material civilization and spiritual civilization. High quality economic development should adhere to the common prosperity of material civilization and spiritual civilization. The all-round development of human beings is the highest value proposition pursued by Marxism and one of the values contained in Chinese path to modernization. The degree of comprehensive human development is closely related to the quality and level of economic development. At present, the main contradiction in Chinese society is the contradiction between the growing needs of the people for a better life and the unbalanced and insufficient development. Both material and spiritual needs are essential for the survival and development of human society. The people's needs for a better life include not only material aspects such as food, clothing, housing, transportation, but also spiritual aspects such as safety, democracy, rule of law, education, health, and happiness. Currently, although China has a high production capacity for material products, product quality and quality still cannot meet the more diverse and advanced needs of the people. There is still a significant gap between the development of people's livelihoods, especially in areas such as ecology, healthcare, and education, and the expectations and requirements of the people. The phenomenon of uneven development between material civilization and spiritual civilization construction still exists. Therefore, on the one hand, we must continue to promote high-quality economic and social development, build a modern economic system, and enhance economic strength and comprehensive national strength. On the other hand, we must adhere to the guiding position of Marxism in the field of ideology, guide cultural construction with socialist core values, widely carry out propaganda and education on socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Chinese Dream, promote the normalization and institutionalization of ideal and belief education, improve the ideological and political work system, enhance the cohesion and centripetal force of people of all ethnic groups in the country, and provide a courageous and invincible spiritual force for economic construction.
Properly handling the relationship between adhering to self-reliance and expanding opening up to the outside world. High quality economic development should adhere to both the principle of self-reliance and the policy of opening up to the outside world. Independence, self-reliance, and self-reliance are the principles that our Party has always adhered to in carrying out revolution, construction, and reform, and opening up to the outside world is the fundamental policy that we must adhere to in the long term. Since the reform and opening up, China has gained funding and technology to support long-term economic growth by actively participating in international economic division of labor and cooperation. However, currently, we are facing the bottleneck problem of key core technologies that support China's future long-term development. "Key core technologies cannot be purchased, bought, or won," and we can only rely on self-reliance. With the evolution of the international economic and political situation and the enhancement of China's economic strength, the developed Western countries led by the United States have been restraining and suppressing the Chinese economy, resulting in frequent "decoupling" and "chain breaking". We must base ourselves on our own market, leverage the characteristics of China's large scale and wide geographical area, and strengthen internal circulation. The market economy is an open economy, and production factors such as materials, personnel, information, and technology must flow fully to ensure efficient resource allocation; At the same time, the market economy is also a "competitive economy", where various economic entities discover value and achieve profits through full competition under the influence of the law of value, promoting a virtuous cycle of production, distribution, exchange, and consumption. The positive interaction between the domestic and international markets is not only beneficial for the development of the domestic economy, but also for achieving complementary advantages in the international market, saving costs, and improving efficiency, making it a win-win choice.
Properly handling the relationship between economic development and ecological protection. High quality economic development should adhere to harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. There is no substitute for the ecological environment, which is difficult to preserve without realizing it. Nature is not only the home that humans rely on for survival, but also plays a role as a supplier of resources such as land, forests, minerals, and energy in economic development. At the same time, the natural ecosystem is fragile and once destroyed, it is difficult to recover. We must consider the survival and sustainable development of future generations, and cannot fish for all. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasizes the need to firmly establish and practice the concept that green mountains and clear waters are invaluable assets, and to plan development from the perspective of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. The concept of "green waters and green mountains are invaluable assets" breaks through the binary opposition between economic development and ecological protection, and deeply clarifies that the construction of ecological civilization is an essential requirement for high-quality economic development. We should understand the relationship between development and protection from a more macro, long-term, and comprehensive perspective. Protection is for better development in the future, and development must pay attention to ecological protection. Protecting the ecological environment is protecting economic resources and production factors, and the two are mutually beneficial and mutually beneficial.
Properly handling the relationship between development and security. High quality economic development should promote the positive interaction between high-quality development and high-level security. Development is fundamental and fundamental, and is the ultimate key to solving security issues. Development is the greatest security. Security is the condition and guarantee for development. Without security and stability, nothing can be discussed.At the same time, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered a critical period, and China's development is facing many unprecedented difficulties and problems, with an increase in uncertain and unpredictable factors. In the process of economic development, attention should be paid to economic security. Specifically, it is necessary to adhere to China's basic economic system, maintain the order of socialist market economy, and firmly grasp the control of important industries and key areas that are related to the lifeline of the national economy; Strictly control financial and local debt risks; Ensure the sustained, reliable, and effective supply of resources and energy required for economic and social development; Firmly guarding the red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land and improving the level of agricultural technology and equipment; Strengthen the construction of independent innovation capabilities, accelerate the development of independent and controllable strategic high-tech and key core technologies in important fields. We need to fully understand the "danger" and "opportunity" we face, and correctly handle the relationship between development and security. Crisis coexists, danger is organic, and danger can turn around. We must not only effectively enhance our awareness of potential risks and fully prepare ourselves for various complex and difficult situations, but also be adept at seizing opportunities, enhancing our awareness of struggle, mastering the laws of struggle, improving our ability to struggle, mobilizing and utilizing all positive factors brought about by changes in domestic and foreign situations, accurately identifying, scientifically adapting, and actively seeking change, striving for safety and development through struggle.
