The temperature in many places has exceeded 40 ℃! Why is the "barbecue mode" so early this year? Since the beginning of this year | high temperature | mode

High temperature heatwaves are invading the north!

On the 15th and 16th, this round of hot weather reached its peak, with temperatures in many northern regions exceeding 40 ℃ and entering the "barbecue mode".

In everyone's impression, the "barbecue mode" in the north is usually more common in July and August. Why did the high temperature heat wave appear earlier this year? Will the future be even hotter?

"Hot enough to doubt life"

Since June 13th, high temperatures of over 35 ℃ have occurred in central and western Inner Mongolia, Beijing Tianjin Hebei, central and northern Henan, central and western Shandong, and northern Jiangsu and Anhui, with some areas experiencing daily highest temperatures exceeding 37 ℃.

On June 15th, the strongest high-temperature process in northern China this year entered its peak period. Hebei has become the hottest place in the country, with the top ten cities on the temperature list being dominated by Hebei cities. Shijiazhuang has become the first provincial capital city to reach 40 ℃ this year, while cities such as Chicheng in Zhangjiakou and Fengning in Chengde have set new records for the highest temperature in June.

The Central Meteorological Observatory stated that this round of high temperature weather is the most extensive and intense high temperature weather process in North China, Huanghuai and other regions this year, affecting more than 10 provinces such as Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan. Some regions such as Hebei and Inner Mongolia may break historical records for the highest temperature in the same period, and the process is expected to continue until around the 18th.

Due to the strong heat of this round of hot weather, many netizens in the northern region exclaim "hot to deformation", "hot to melting", "hot to soul soaring", "hot to doubt life" Some netizens directly exposed heated lipsticks and beauty sticks, as well as deformed shoes that had been exposed to the sun.

Why did the high temperature heat wave arrive earlier?

Prior to this round of high temperatures in the north, the southern region also experienced an extreme heatwave at the end of May. The highest temperature in many parts of Guangdong and Fujian was close to 40 ℃. On May 31st, the highest temperature in Qiaojia, Yunnan exceeded 44 ℃.

On June 9, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Meteorological Station issued a red warning of high temperature. On June 11, the Aiding Lake Meteorological Station in the Turpan Basin experienced a high temperature of 48.5 ℃, which was the highest record in June in China and ranked the top of the global high temperature list. Compared with previous years, the high temperature above 45 ℃ in the Turpan Basin, known as the "stove", usually occurs in July and August.

In addition, the release time of China's high-temperature heat stroke meteorological forecast also shows the early arrival of high-temperature heat wave weather. On June 15th, the Public Meteorological Service Center of the China Meteorological Administration released the first high-temperature heat stroke meteorological forecast of the year, which was 13 days earlier than the annual average initial date.

Meteorological experts say that the essence of hot weather is an abnormal increase in temperature, which is the result of a combination of multiple factors. Solar radiation is the source of heat required for hot weather, and clear and cloudless summer weather can cause rapid warming during the day. For example, areas controlled by subtropical high pressure or northern continental warm high pressure ridges are often clear and cloudless; At the same time, the sinking airflow brought by the high-pressure system will also bring about sinking and warming, and the "burning wind effect" generated when the airflow crosses mountains such as the Taihang Mountains and enters plain areas will also exacerbate high temperatures.

For example, the topography of the Turpan Basin, Sichuan Basin and other basins in Xinjiang will prevent the accumulated heat from effectively diffusing, which will intensify the formation of high temperature weather; The sustained high temperature weather at the end of May in the south was formed by the combined action of the sinking airflow on the west side of Typhoon Mawa and the subtropical high pressure; This round of high temperature weather in the northern region is due to the gradual development and eastward movement of the high-pressure warm ridge located in Xinjiang, which affects North China, the Yellow and Huai Rivers, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning and other areas in China. It is not only large in size but also strong in intensity, and is affected by the sinking airflow of the high-pressure warm ridge. The above areas have strong sunshine, dry and less rain, and temperatures are prone to rise.

El Ni ñ o exacerbates warming

Against the backdrop of global warming, extreme high temperatures have become increasingly frequent in recent years. The annual temperature anomaly map of Asia from 1901 to 2021 released by the World Meteorological Organization shows that since 2000, the temperature in the Asian region has been increasing year by year, and the degree of high temperature has become more pronounced since 2010.

Taking Yunnan as an example, according to statistics from the China Meteorological Administration, since 1961, the top 5 years with the highest temperature in May have all appeared after 2010, namely 2014, 2023, 2021, 2019, and 2012. In May of this year, the highest temperature in Sichuan and Guangxi also set a record for the highest temperature in the province since 1961.

At the same time, El Ni ñ o has already formed, further promoting the process of global warming and bringing a new peak of global warming. On May 17th, WMO released a report stating that global temperatures may reach record levels in the next five years due to the accumulation of greenhouse gases and the naturally occurring El Ni ñ o phenomenon.

In terms of the impact of El Ni ñ o on China, the National Climate Center has analyzed historical data and found that during the summer of the El Ni ñ o development year, the temperature in southern North China, central and northern China, central and eastern China, and eastern Northwest China is prone to high temperatures. Among them, the number of high-temperature days in southwestern North China, central Jiangnan, northeastern and southeastern China, and northern Xinjiang exceeds 30 days.

Zhou Bing, Chief Expert of Climate Services at the China Meteorological Administration, previously pointed out that in addition to the role of El Ni ñ o, in the past decade, the subtropical high pressure in the western Pacific has shown a continuous increase in area and intensity, maintaining at a relatively high level, which may also lead to larger and stronger high-temperature areas in many parts of China controlled by the subtropical high.