The latest report from the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention: 3 cases of cholera reported! How to prevent it? Official | WeChat | Country
The official WeChat of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Control released the "Overview of the National Legal Infectious Disease Epidemic in May 2023" on the 27th:
In May 2023, 727645 cases of notifiable infectious diseases and 2465 deaths were reported nationwide.
Three cases of Class A infectious diseases have been reported, all of which are cholera, with no reported deaths.
Among Class B infectious diseases, infectious atypical pneumonia, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, Japanese encephalitis, human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza, neonatal tetanus and human infection with H7N9 avian influenza have no reports of morbidity or death; except for new coronavirus infection, a total of 295738 cases and 2463 deaths were reported for the remaining 19 Class B infectious diseases. The top five reported cases were viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, syphilis, gonorrhea and brucellosis, accounting for 95.3 per cent of the total number of reported cases of category B infectious diseases.
During the same period, 431904 cases of Class C infectious diseases were reported and 2 deaths were reported. The top three reported diseases were influenza, other infectious diarrhea and hand, foot and mouth disease, accounting for 97.3 per cent of the total number of reported cases of category C infectious diseases.
Annex: Statistics of Incidence and Death of National Notifiable Infectious Diseases Report in May 2023
On June 27, Cai Weiping, chief expert of the Infection Center of the Eighth Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, told a reporter from the Health Times, "From the data in recent years, cholera infections in my country are basically sporadic cases. During the high-incidence period, and the public health habits of our citizens have been basically established, so there is no need to worry too much."
What is cholera?
Cholera is an acute intestinal infectious disease. It has the characteristics of acute onset, rapid spread, and wide spread. It is mainly spread through food such as water and aquatic products. The typical symptoms after infection are severe diarrhea and vomiting. If you cannot rehydrate in time, The patient may die within 24 hours after the start of vomiting and diarrhea.
Transmission routes
Cholera patients or carriers are the source of cholera infection. Cholera can be transmitted by drinking or eating unsterilized water or food infected with Vibrio cholerae and by contact with cholera patients, hands and articles contaminated with excrement of carriers, and by eating food contaminated with flies.
Picture Clinical Symptoms
In most cases, the infection causes only mild diarrhea or no symptoms at all. The typical symptoms are severe painless watery diarrhea, which is severe more than a dozen times a day. Infection with cholera, if not treated promptly or improperly, can cause severe dehydration and death.
Picture susceptible population
The population is generally susceptible, especially those with gastric acid deficiency.
high incidence period
The epidemic time of cholera in China is from March to November, and the epidemic peak is from June to September.
Incubation period and infectious period
The incubation period is several hours to 5 days, usually 2 to 3 days. Infectious during stool positivity, usually until a few days after recovery. Occasionally, the infectious period of carriers lasts for several months. Antibacterial drugs that are effective against Vibrio cholerae can shorten the infectious period.
How can you tell if you are infected with cholera?
If you have diarrhea symptoms, especially severe painless watery diarrhea, you should go to the hospital immediately and do a culture examination of Vibrio cholerae. People who are eating or in close contact with a cholera-infected person should also take stool or anal swabs to determine if they are infected. If you have diarrhea in a cholera epidemic area or have been to a cholera epidemic area recently, you should go to the hospital in time and leave your feces for cholera bacteriological examination.
Treatment measures
Cholera is very contagious, once found infected with cholera, whether light or carriers, should be isolated for treatment. After the symptoms of cholera disappear and the use of antibacterial drugs is stopped, the isolation can only be lifted if the stool culture does not detect Vibrio cholerae for two consecutive days.
The principle of treatment for this disease is strict isolation, and there is currently no specific medication available. Only symptomatic treatment can be carried out, with timely supplementation of water and electrolytes, supplemented by antibacterial treatment. Patients with severe vomiting should pause eating and wait for vomiting and diarrhea to subside before receiving a liquid diet. At the same time, attention should be paid to the occurrence of complications.
How to prevent cholera?
The method of preventing cholera is relatively simple. The main thing is to "take a good mouth" to prevent diseases from entering the mouth. Do "five to five don't"--
Five things: wash your hands before meals and after defecation, cook seafood when you buy it, heat food thoroughly every other meal, separate raw and cooked food, and see a doctor when symptoms occur.
Five don't: don't drink raw water, don't patronize unlicensed restaurants, don't eat rotten food, overeating is not advisable, and don't touch unsterilized items.
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