The Historical Dialectics of the Development of Chinese Culture over a Century: The Chinese Nation | China | Dialectics
"First, the premise of 'combination' is mutual agreement. Marxism and Chinese excellent traditional culture have different sources, but there is a high degree of agreement with each other. Mutual agreement can be organically combined. Second, the result of 'combination' is mutual achievement, creating a new and organically unified cultural life, making Marxism China, Chinese excellent traditional culture modern, and making the new culture formed through 'combination' a cultural form of Chinese path to modernization." People of the CPC not only deeply realize that only by combining the basic principles of Marxism with Chinese excellent traditional culture, can we correctly answer the major questions raised by the times and practice, and can we always maintain the vitality and vitality of Marxism, but also In terms of specific methods, we found the "fit point" and "mutual achievement" of the combination of the two, which not only realized the sinicization of Marxism, but also realized the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture in the contemporary era. At the same time, in the construction process of Chinese path to modernization, we realized the contemporary revival of Chinese culture, Consolidates the subjectivity of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics.
The basic principles of Marxism are highly compatible with the excellent traditional Chinese culture and achieve each other. According to our understanding, the high degree of compatibility and mutual achievements between the basic principles of Marxism and the excellent traditional Chinese culture are prominently manifested in the people-oriented content contained in the traditional Chinese "people-oriented" thought. After modern interpretation, it can be combined with Marxism. The people's character has reached a high degree of agreement: the people's character of Marxism has achieved the modern character of the "people-oriented" thought in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, the traditional Chinese "people-oriented" thought has laid a deep foundation and soil of Chinese culture for the people of Marxism. In addition, the moral and political ideals of benevolence, universal love, love, and great harmony in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, after modern interpretation, can also find a mutual "combination" with the common ideal of socialism and the lofty ideal of communism. The historical effect of achievement. General Secretary Xi Jinping particularly emphasized that the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with the excellent traditional Chinese culture is "another ideological emancipation", "allowing us to make full use of the precious resources of the excellent traditional Chinese culture in a broader cultural space and explore the future. Theoretical and institutional innovation". The spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech pointed out the right direction for the study of contemporary Chinese traditional culture and provided a scientific methodological guide.
Reassess the value of traditional Chinese culture. Looking back on the development of Chinese culture in the past hundred years, although the trend of "doubting the ancient" at the beginning of the 20th century has certain progressive significance, it is closely related to the specific historical situation of Chinese society at that time, which was poor and weak and was bullied by Western powers. At that time, China's political and military failures, as well as its scientific and economic backwardness, made people generally doubt the traditional Chinese culture and long history. Some historians not only doubt the authenticity of the Yellow Emperor recorded in Historical Records, but also regard Dayu, the ancient cultural hero of the Chinese nation, as a big worm. Although the early Marxists in this period, such as Guo Moruo, also wrote the study of ancient Chinese society through the study of oracle bones and golden texts, they were relatively weak in overall strength. In addition, the archaeology of old China itself was relatively backward, so it was difficult to fully counter the skeptical trend of thought at that time. Since the 1980 s, with the gradual deepening of reform and opening up, Chinese society has stimulated all-round vitality and made new economic achievements, as well as the rapid development of archaeology in New China, the cultural self-confidence of the Chinese people has been gradually restored. the attitude towards Chinese traditional culture, especially ancient culture, is also changing. The academic circles began to reflect on the thought of doubting the ancient times in the early 20th century, and some scholars have put forward new ideas of going out of the doubting ancient times and moving towards a plain ancient interpretation. "Dispelling doubts about ancient history" has gradually become the main ideological trend in the study of Chinese traditional culture after the 1980 s. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Xi Jinping as the main representative, have stood at a new historical height, reconsidered and evaluated the historical value and practical significance of China's excellent traditional culture, and proposed to respect the past without returning to the past. Emphasize the combination of the basic principles of Marxism and the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and require the development and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics on the basis of more than 5000 years of Chinese civilization, revive Chinese culture with a great sense of historical mission, promote cultural prosperity and build a cultural power.
Respect the excellent spiritual quality of the Chinese nation formed in the long-term social practice. General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech proceeded from the high sense of political responsibility of the Chinese Communists and laid the foundation of Chinese-style modernization on the profound Chinese excellent traditional culture. This requires the majority of Chinese traditional culture researchers to be good at combining Chinese excellent traditional culture with the current practice of China's socialist modernization, so that the excellent traditional culture can radiate new youthful vitality in the historical process of Chinese-style modernization. Respecting the ancient but not retro requires us to proceed from the tenacious historical facts, respect the excellent spiritual qualities formed by the Chinese nation in long-term social practice, and transform them into the cultural power of Chinese-style modernization; respect the continuous civilization developed by the Chinese nation, And build Chinese-style modernization on this basis. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The outstanding continuity of Chinese civilization fundamentally determines that the Chinese nation must go its own way." From the perspective of the form of agricultural civilization, the thought of the unity of man and nature, respect for nature and ecological environment formed by the Chinese nation on the basis of long and mature agricultural civilization is of great value and significance in the development of global industrial civilization. On the one hand, it determines the only way for Chinese-style modernization to take the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, on the other hand, it will also provide Chinese civilization experience and ideological guidance for the sustainable development of human civilization. In addition, the peace-loving thoughts and great ideals formed by Chinese civilization on the basis of mature agricultural civilization have not only provided a highly civilized political concept for building a community with a shared future for mankind, but also provided a highly enlightening political concept for the sustainable development of global industrial and commercial civilization. Significance of political wisdom.
Promote equal exchanges and mutual learning between Chinese and Western civilizations. General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly expounded the dialectical relationship between respecting the past and innovation in Chinese civilization: "the outstanding innovation of Chinese civilization fundamentally determines the enterprising spirit of the Chinese nation to be upright and not conservative, to respect the past and not to restore the past. It determines the fearless character of the Chinese nation that is not afraid of new challenges and has the courage to accept new things." Therefore, respecting the ancient and not retro also requires us to rethink some major historical events in Chinese history, and reveal the enlightening significance of these historical events, so as to serve the great cause of Chinese modernization. Looking back at the history of the contact between China and Western culture since the 17th century, we can see that because China maintained political autonomy at that time, the Jesuit missionaries maintained a respectful attitude towards Chinese culture as a whole, and mainly adopted the policy of cultural adaptation in the process of missionary work, which brought ancient Greek philosophy, medieval science and a small amount of ancient Greek-Roman humanistic knowledge to Chinese society, in particular, Matteo Ricci and Xu Guangqi cooperated in the translation of "Geometric Original", which provided an important reference frame for Western culture for the development of Chinese mathematics and the change of philosophical thinking. The missionaries represented by Matteo Ricci sent back the spirit of Chinese culture to Europe, and helped European Enlightenment scholars to oppose the apocalyptic rationality of Christianity with the moral rationality of Confucianism, which provided ideological help for promoting the European Enlightenment and promoting the emancipation of the European mind. The progressive ideas of Leibniz, Voltaire, Quesnay, Wolfe and others have all benefited from the enlightenment of Chinese Confucian rationalism. This historical event is of great enlightening significance to the exchange of Chinese and Western cultures today, that is, the equal exchange and mutual learning between Chinese and Western civilizations can play a positive role in the development of Chinese and Western cultures. it once again confirms the truth of the ancient Chinese maxim, "stones from other mountains can attack jade. Therefore, in the current complex and changeable international political and economic environment, China has always maintained cultural dialogue and exchanges with other countries and regions in the world, striving to activate its own excellent cultural traditions, and make the Chinese nation one of the modern civilized powers. Under the new historical conditions, carrying forward the excellent cultural traditions of one's own nation can also benefit other nations in the world, and provide experience for other nation-states with ancient civilization traditions to move towards modern transformation.
Fully carry forward the spirit of tolerance of Chinese excellent traditional culture. The problems of "ancient and modern" and "Chinese and foreign" are two fundamental problems faced by the development of Chinese society and culture since the 20th century, and the problems of ancient and modern are always intrinsically linked with the problems of China and foreign countries. From the perspective of the history of the development of Chinese civilization, General Secretary Xi Jinping expounded the correct attitude and thinking methods of contemporary China in the face of foreign culture. He said: "Chinese civilization has outstanding inclusiveness, which fundamentally determines the history of the exchanges and exchanges of the Chinese nation. Orientation determines the harmonious pattern of the coexistence of various religious beliefs in China, and determines the open mind of Chinese culture to the world civilization." Therefore, respecting the ancient and not retro, it is also required to fully carry forward the inclusive spirit of Chinese excellent traditional culture, extensively absorb all the excellent cultural achievements of other nations, and enrich the cultural spirit of one's own nation. We should not only conscientiously sum up the historical experience of the Sinicization of Buddhist culture, as well as the historical experience and lessons of cultural exchanges between China and the West since the 17th century, in order to enhance the self-confidence of national culture, but also dialectically look at the various western cultures that have poured into China since the end of the 19th century, carefully select and critically learn from them, so as to make new efforts for the modernization of Marxism in China and excellent traditional culture, let the ancient Chinese civilization rejuvenate with new vitality in modern society, develop modern Chinese civilization, and make more new contributions to all nations in the world under the new historical conditions.
