Outlook | Integration of Industry and Education to Cultivate Higher Quality Talents Career | Enterprise | Quality

Release time:Apr 13, 2024 23:01 PM

◇ Through three-year empowerment and improvement actions, gradually form a development pattern of coordinated integration and positive interaction between education and industry

◇ Priority should be given to the development of a number of emerging majors that are needed in industries such as advanced manufacturing, new energy, new materials, biotechnology, and artificial intelligence. Efforts should be made to accelerate the construction of majors that are in short supply of talents, such as nursing, health care, childcare, and home economics. Traditional majors in fields such as metallurgy, medicine, building materials, and light textiles should be transformed and upgraded, and majors with oversupply, low employment rates, and disappearing job positions should be removed and eliminated. Schools should be encouraged to open more scarce and market-oriented majors

◇ Support and standardize the development of vocational education by social forces, promote the reform of shareholding and mixed ownership in vocational schools, support vocational colleges to collaborate with enterprises and research institutes to carry out collaborative innovation, and allow enterprises to participate in education and enjoy corresponding rights and interests in accordance with the law through capital, technology, management and other elements

Wen | Wang Mingji

At the 2023 Chengdu Chongqing Economic Circle Vocational Education Week Achievement Exhibition, a robot dog jointly developed by Chongqing Science and Technology Innovation Vocational College and enterprises interacted with the audience on site. Photo by Huang Wei/This magazine

Vocational education plays an important role in serving economic development and supporting industrial modernization. It shoulders the responsibility of exporting high-quality technical and skilled talents to society, cultivating skilled craftsmen and great country craftsmen, and is an inexhaustible driving force for promoting the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry.

The integration of industry and education is an important indicator of the effectiveness of vocational education reform, and an important measure to achieve organic connection between the education chain, industry chain, supply chain, talent chain, and value chain.

Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission and eight other departments jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for Empowering and Enhancing the Integration of Industry and Education in Vocational Education". Focusing on accelerating the formation of a deep integration development pattern of industry and education with benign interaction between industry and education and complementary advantages between schools and enterprises, 19 policy measures were proposed in five aspects, including promoting the formation of the leading goose effect of industry and education integration, consolidating the development foundation of vocational colleges, constructing industry and education integration training bases, deepening school enterprise cooperation in industry and education integration, and improving incentive and support combination measures. These measures are of great significance for continuously optimizing the supply structure of human resources.

Promote the formation of the head goose effect

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has successively issued a series of policy documents to deepen the integration of industry and education, including the Decision on Accelerating the Development of Modern Vocational Education, Several Opinions on Deepening the Integration of Industry and Education, Measures for Promoting School Enterprise Cooperation in Vocational Schools, and the Implementation Plan for National Vocational Education Reform, gradually forming a unique modern vocational education development paradigm.

At present, China's economy and society are accelerating transformation and upgrading, posing new and higher requirements for the high-quality development of vocational education, especially the urgent need to solve the problem of the integration of industry and education, which is not deep enough.

In the face of practical development needs, the Plan regards the cultivation and selection of pilot cities for industry education integration, the deep promotion of industry education integration in key industries, and the cultivation and construction of industry education integration enterprises as key tasks to effectively match the demands of vocational education and manufacturing markets. It innovatively builds industry education integration platforms and carriers, continues to promote the pilot construction of industry education integration, and further deepens the integration of industry and education.

On the one hand, the quantitative goals of the construction subject have been clarified, and the selection of the second batch of national industry education integration pilot cities and the second batch of national industry education integration enterprises has been initiated. It is proposed that "by 2025, the number of national industry education integration pilot cities will reach about 50", "more than 10000 industry education integration enterprises will be built and cultivated nationwide", and "a number of high-level industry education integration industry associations and promotion associations" will be created. The role of cities as carriers, industry aggregation, and enterprise entities will be fully utilized to promote the aggregation and integration of education and industrial factors.

On the other hand, the policy guarantee of institutional mechanisms was emphasized, and a sound and perfect system of industry education integrated enterprises and combined incentive policies was proposed. Various funding channels steadily increased investment in vocational education. Finally, through a three-year empowerment and improvement action, a development pattern of better integration of industrial demand into the entire process of talent cultivation, coordinated integration of education and industry, and positive interaction was gradually formed.

Deepening the Integration of Industry and Education and School Enterprise Cooperation

Outlook | Integration of Industry and Education to Cultivate Higher Quality Talents Career | Enterprise | Quality

At present, there is a problem of "hot school and cold enterprise" in the integration of industry and education. Some school enterprise cooperation only stays at the level of agreements or labor employment. Some vocational schools do not adapt to the actual needs of technological innovation and industrial technology research and development in terms of curriculum system, teaching methods, internships and practical training, leading to a disconnect between students' theoretical knowledge and practical skills in their careers and the needs of enterprises. Some enterprises are constrained by investment costs such as funds and land, and have not deeply participated in the process of talent cultivation in vocational colleges.

In this regard, the Plan fully integrates industrial demand into the entire process of talent cultivation, focusing on overcoming the "two skins" of vocational education talent cultivation and industrial demand.

Focus on key industries. Closely centering on the major national strategy, closely connecting the trend of industrial upgrading and technological change, the Plan clearly proposes to further promote the integration of industry and education in the new generation of information technology, integrated circuit, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, energy storage, intelligent manufacturing, biomedicine, new materials and other strategic emerging industries, as well as life service industries such as old-age care, childcare, home economics and other industries, and cultivate skilled technical talents to serve the major needs of the industry.

Indicate the direction of educational reform. The Plan clarifies the direction of professional reform in vocational education. For example, prioritizing the development of a number of emerging majors that are needed in industries such as advanced manufacturing, new energy, new materials, biotechnology, and artificial intelligence, accelerating the construction of majors that are in short supply of talents such as nursing, health care, childcare, and home economics, transforming and upgrading a number of traditional majors in fields such as metallurgy, medicine, building materials, and light textiles, removing and eliminating majors with oversupply, low employment rates, and disappearing job positions, and encouraging schools to open more scarce and market-oriented majors.

These measures aim to address the shortcomings and weaknesses of the industrial and talent chains, effectively promoting the adaptation of disciplinary and professional systems to the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry.

At the same time, the Plan supports and regulates the development of vocational education by social forces, promotes the reform of shareholding and mixed ownership in vocational schools, supports collaborative innovation between vocational schools, enterprises, and research institutes, and allows enterprises to participate in education in accordance with the law and enjoy corresponding rights through capital, technology, management and other elements.

Enhance corporate willingness. The plan proposes to guide enterprises to deeply participate in professional planning, textbook development, teaching design, curriculum design, and internship training in vocational colleges, implement joint enrollment between schools and enterprises, carry out commissioned training, order training, and apprenticeship training, and improve the quality of talent cultivation.

At the same time, we will build a new carrier of urban industry education integration based on industrial parks, and leverage the roles of vocational education groups, urban industry education integration consortia, and industry education integration communities.

Promoting the integration of industry and education based on local conditions

The vitality of vocational education lies in practice and application. The Plan supports local governments to introduce landing policies that are in line with local realities. This helps to make good use of policies and promote their precise implementation.

Local governments at all levels are the main body responsible for implementing policy measures. The plan proposes to further improve the combination of "finance+finance+land+credit" incentives. Among them, it includes increasing financial policy support for industry education integration projects and industry education integration enterprises, arranging investment support from the central budget for the construction of industry education integration training bases that meet the conditions, including vocational education industry education integration projects in the scope of local government special bond support, industry education integration enterprises can offset the education surcharges and local education surcharges that should be paid in the current year according to the prescribed proportion of investment in vocational education that meets the conditions, and increasing various land transfer methods to strengthen the supply of construction land and other incentive and support policies.

Creating an atmosphere of respect for skilled talents throughout society is an important prerequisite for promoting the long-term healthy development of industry education integration. The plan proposes to hold an on-site meeting for the exchange of experience in the integration of industry and education in vocational education. Organize the selection, editing, and publication of typical cases of vocational education industry education integration, and promote the experiences and practices of local governments, learning, and enterprises. Explore and publicize the typical deeds of grassroots and frontline technical and skilled talents growing and becoming talents, and promote the glorious labor, valuable skills, and great era trend of creation.

Strengthen experience promotion. Pilot cities and industry-education integration enterprises form a model experience that can be promoted and replicated in a timely manner, and play a demonstrative and leading role. All localities should promote the integration of production and education in vocational education in a timely manner, and actively promote effective measures for the construction of integrated production and education enterprises.

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