【 Li Xiang China 】 Strive to build a modern and harmonious coexistence between humans and nature | Humans and Nature | China

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China comprehensively and profoundly elaborated the characteristics of Chinese path to modernization, pointed out that "Chinese path to modernization is the modernization of the harmonious coexistence of man and nature", and emphasized that "planning development from the height of the harmonious coexistence of man and nature", which not only enriched and developed the Marxist understanding of the dialectical relationship between man and nature, but also deepened and expanded the socialist modernization theory. How to promote the modernization of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature is the era's proposition to be answered in the new era and new journey.

Adhering to the concept of systems is the foundation for building a modern method of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. The concept of systems is an important category of Marxist epistemology and methodology, and is a fundamental ideology and working method. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, various regions and departments have adhered to a systematic concept and vigorously promoted the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and sands from the perspective of the overall ecosystem. The stability and sustainability of the ecosystem have continuously improved, and China's ecological civilization construction and environmental protection have undergone historic, transitional, and global changes. The key words emphasized in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on promoting green development and harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, including integrated protection, systematic governance, overall planning, and coordinated promotion, as well as the specific deployments made, all reflect the persistence and innovative application of systematic concepts, which are action guidelines guiding us to promote the construction of modern harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. Human beings and nature coexist in an organic system as a whole. The atmospheric ecosystem, aquatic ecosystem, and terrestrial ecosystem are both relatively independent and closely interconnected, requiring coordinated governance and control. To strive for the modernization of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, it is necessary to take the adherence to a systematic concept as the fundamental method, comprehensively consider economic, ecological, and social benefits, coordinate the governance of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, and grasslands, adhere to the organic combination of source reduction, process control, and end treatment, deeply promote the synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, improve the cross regional, cross basin, and cross departmental joint prevention and control mechanism, and form a synergistic effect of various institutional measures to continuously improve the efficiency of environmental governance.

Accelerating the green transformation of development mode is the only way to build a modern harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. The green transformation of development mode is a profound change in the development concept, involving various links in the overall process of social production and specific fields of economic and social development. Promoting green and low-carbon economic and social development, and forming a green and low-carbon production and lifestyle throughout society, can not only achieve higher quality, efficiency, fairness, sustainability, and safety, but also meet the growing needs of the people for a beautiful ecological environment, thus paving the way for a civilized development path of production development, prosperity, and good ecology. The author believes that in order to accelerate the green transformation of the development mode, it is necessary to actively explore the inherent inertia of the economic system's dependence on fossil fuels. The focus should be on the decarbonization revolution of energy supply, consumption, and emission systems, with a focus on key areas such as energy, industry, construction, and transportation. Multiple measures should be taken simultaneously and steadily promoted. In terms of energy, it is necessary to deepen the energy revolution and accelerate the planning and construction of a new energy system. In terms of industry, we will focus on promoting energy intensive industries such as petroleum, chemical, coal, steel, and electricity to accelerate energy conservation and emission reduction, vigorously promote the development of green factories, green design products, green parks, and green supply chains, and accelerate the construction of a green production and manufacturing system. In terms of architecture, focusing on the construction of green buildings, creating a social atmosphere for vigorously developing green buildings, strictly implementing and continuously optimizing standards or norms for green building design, construction, operation and maintenance, renovation, evaluation, etc., promoting the integration of "green" into thousands of households and the entire life cycle of buildings. In terms of transportation, the focus is on the construction of green transportation infrastructure, green logistics system, and the gradual popularization of green transportation tools, accelerating the promotion and application of new energy and clean energy in the transportation field, and building an intelligent low-carbon transportation network.

Deepening the prevention and control of environmental pollution is an effective means to build a modern harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, various regions and departments have adhered to precise, scientific, and lawful pollution control, continuously promoted the battle against pollution, and promoted the continuous improvement of ecological environment quality. The people's sense of ecological environment satisfaction has significantly increased. Data shows that in 2022, for the first time since PM2.5 monitoring data was available, the annual average concentration of PM2.5 in cities at or above the prefecture level nationwide decreased to below 30 micrograms per cubic meter, reaching 29 micrograms per cubic meter; The proportion of days with good air quality reached 86.5%; The proportion of heavily polluted days has dropped to within 1% for the first time. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has achieved a series of historic changes in the field of air pollution prevention and control, becoming the country with the fastest speed in controlling air pollution and improving air quality in the world. The author believes that focusing on continuously improving the quality of the ecological environment, focusing on key areas and links, and resolutely fighting the battle against pollution prevention and control: firstly, continuously improving the legal system for environmental pollution prevention and control, adhering to the rule of law in administration, promotion, and protection, using legal weapons to control environmental pollution, and using legal means to protect the ecological environment; The second is to continuously improve the working mechanism, deepen the promotion of central ecological and environmental protection supervision, continuously improve the supervision system and mechanism, ensure that ecological and environmental protection supervision continues to develop in depth, strictly implement the "Party and government share the same responsibility, one position has dual responsibilities" for ecological and environmental protection, promote all regions and departments to fulfill their ecological and environmental protection responsibilities, fully implement the pollution discharge permit system, and improve the market-oriented allocation system and mechanism of resource elements such as pollution discharge rights; The third is to continuously optimize the mechanism of mass participation, build a comprehensive pattern of ecological environment protection led by the Party committee, led by the government, and jointly participated by enterprises, social organizations, and the public, improve the enthusiasm and initiative of market entities and the general public to participate in pollution prevention and control, and work together to form a joint force for pollution control.

Establishing a mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products is an important path to building a modern harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to establish a mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products and improve the ecological protection compensation system. Establishing a sound mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products is a key path to implement the concept of "green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as gold and silver", and an important path to achieve modernization of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. The author believes that firstly, it is necessary to strengthen top-level design and build a system for realizing the value of ecological products, including an accounting system for ecological product value, a system for transferring resource property rights, and an assessment system for realizing ecological product value; Secondly, it is necessary to enhance the "hematopoietic" function, expand the channels for realizing the value of ecological products, actively explore ecological value, highlight ecological experience, use market mechanisms to promote market-oriented allocation and trading of ecological resources, and deeply promote ecological product protection compensation; Thirdly, we need to inject financial vitality, establish a diversified financial service system, innovate financial products that promote the realization of ecological product value, such as green credit, green bonds, green insurance, and green guarantees, explore the development of special financial products that combine ecological product rights, benefits, and credit, increase financial credit support for ecological product operation and development entities, reasonably reduce financing costs, and promote investment and financing diversification.

In the practice of ecological civilization construction in the new era and new journey, we must adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought, uphold the concept of "green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains", deeply understand and firmly adhere to the system concept, and comprehensively promote the construction of man and nature The modernization of harmonious symbiosis, and with the concept of "harmonious symbiosis between man and nature" and Chinese practice, promote all countries to jointly build a community of human and nature, to contribute Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to the common problems of all mankind.

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