Enhancing Urban Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Reduction Capability Extreme | Risk | Capability
Affected by typhoons, many parts of North China and Northeast China have recently experienced extreme heavy rainfall, increasing the risk of waterlogging in some cities. Continuous rainstorm caused water and collapse of road area, resulting in casualties and property losses. This reminds us that for densely populated cities, preventing flood disaster risks has become an important issue. To continuously enhance the comprehensive disaster prevention and reduction capabilities of cities, build a multi-level urban emergency management system to resist major risks and hidden dangers, and enhance the resilience of cities to respond to natural disaster impacts.
With a large population density, concentrated public facilities, and significant heat island effect and rain island effect, some cities, especially economically developed cities, are likely to become the hardest hit areas of extreme weather and climate events if they do not effectively cope with heavy rainstorm. At the same time, with the continuous advancement of urban modernization construction, large-scale high-rise residential buildings and hardened road surfaces have replaced forests, fields, lakes, and grass, which is not conducive to the infiltration and discharge of accumulated water, and has put forward higher requirements for the city's ability to prevent and resolve major disaster risks.
Dealing with extreme rainstorm weather is a "required course" every year. There is little practical experience in dealing with floods in northern areas, and the defense standards and public awareness need to be improved. According to data, there have been four large-scale extreme precipitation events in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region over the past 11 years. This indicates that in the context of global climate change, whether in the south or north, coastal cities or high-altitude areas, we must resolutely overcome the mentality of numbness and luck, establish a bottom line thinking, and actively respond to the severe test of extreme weather and climate events.
With the gradual formation of large cities, mega cities, and urban agglomerations in our country, the causative factors of natural disasters will become more complex and diverse, requiring more "precautionary measures". We need to make great efforts to enhance urban disaster prevention and reduction capabilities, fully prepare to deal with unforeseeable and unexpected risks, and effectively ensure the safety of people's lives and property.
One is strong warning. Give full play to the role of information technology in urban disaster prevention and reduction, establish a departmental collaborative and information co construction and sharing forecasting and early warning platform, further implement a direct response mechanism for disaster warning at the grassroots level, achieve full chain monitoring and early warning of major disaster accidents, risk prevention and control, emergency response, water and power supply, and disaster recovery and reconstruction, so that early warning information can be prevented before major disasters, resisted in the first time, and saved in key links, and improve the dynamic perception and response ability of cities to disaster risks.
The second is to focus on grassroots work. The "battle fortress" to resist disaster risks is in the community and at the grassroots level. We need to increase the integration of resources and focus on filling the gaps in community disaster prevention and reduction capabilities. By strengthening grassroots disaster prevention and reduction services, gradually improving the ability of community risk and hazard investigation, construction of disaster reduction facilities, and material reserves; We need to strengthen disaster reduction publicity and education, and raise social awareness of risk prevention. We will coordinate and make good use of government departments and social forces, promote the dissemination of disaster prevention and reduction knowledge and skills in schools, units, communities, and households, and continuously enhance the public's emergency response and self rescue and mutual assistance capabilities.
The third is to promote construction. Learn the lessons from each rainstorm and flood, fully consider the impact of climate change and disaster risk in urban planning, optimize the urban spatial layout and functional structure, and avoid over development in disaster prone areas. In urban construction, on the one hand, it is necessary to improve the flood storage space and drainage capacity in the main risk areas, and continuously solve the problem of stagnant water in low-lying areas; On the other hand, efforts should be made to promote the construction of green spaces, optimize and improve the surrounding transportation system, and better respond to the challenges of extreme weather and major disaster risks.
