Enhance disaster prevention and reduction capabilities, escort agricultural production crops | agriculture | capabilities

Recently, the extreme heavy rainfall caused by Typhoon Dussuri has led to localized waterlogging and crop lodging in eastern China, the Yellow and Huai Rivers, northern China, and northeastern China, causing serious adverse effects on autumn grain crops that are currently in a critical period of yield formation. Not long ago, Henan, Shaanxi and other regions experienced "rotten rain" during the wheat harvest period, resulting in a reduction of 5.5 billion kilograms of wheat production. Against the backdrop of global climate change, climate risks are gathering, cascading, and amplifying. Extreme weather and climate events in China exhibit characteristics of increased intensity, frequency, and impact. Due to the high risk of disasters caused by extreme weather and climate events, some types also have characteristics such as strong suddenness, strong locality, difficulty in early forecasting, and difficulty in accurate warning, which have a greater impact on various aspects of agricultural production and increase the difficulty of agricultural disaster prevention, reduction, and relief. Only by continuously improving the ability of agricultural production to respond to and adapt to climate change can we effectively reduce and minimize the disaster losses caused by extreme weather and climate events.

Given the high dependence of agricultural production on climate conditions, addressing climate change, especially extreme weather and climate events, has become a necessary answer for future agricultural production. For a period of time, China has effectively alleviated the impact of extreme weather and climate events on agricultural production through a complete set of guarantee mechanisms, including policy incentives, investment guarantees, technology promotion, and work mobilization. By firmly establishing the concept that "disaster prevention is about increasing production", we have improved our ability to perceive, monitor, warn, and handle agricultural climate risks. In key agricultural seasons, in response to the new characteristics of extreme weather and climate events such as drought, flood, low temperature freezing damage, high temperature heat damage, and wind and hail leading to the occurrence and harm of agricultural disasters, departments such as agriculture and rural areas, water conservancy, meteorology, and emergency management have strengthened cooperation, strengthened coordination and linkage, resource sharing, and information exchange, formulated contingency plans early, proposed targeted technical measures, implemented defense measures in advance, and improved emergency response capabilities in practical combat.

In the future, we will continue to improve the climate change observation network, strengthen climate change monitoring, prediction, and early warning, improve the accuracy, precision, and advance of pre disaster warning, and win more preparation time for precise disaster prevention in agriculture. By initiating early warning and response plans, agricultural production can avoid excessive negative impacts from extreme weather and climate events. We need to build a comprehensive agricultural emergency management system to ensure that funds, resources, manpower, and material resources can be widely integrated and effectively allocated in the event of climate disasters, thereby improving the timeliness of agricultural disaster reduction and relief, minimizing the area of crop disasters and crop failures, and reducing disaster losses. In the process of agricultural disaster reduction and relief, it is also necessary to provide refined technical guidance and agricultural socialized services for agricultural producers and operators, because the timeliness, pertinence, and effectiveness of post disaster field management determine the space for crop yield reduction. It is necessary to guide new agricultural operators and small farmers to take targeted measures based on the growth and development process of different crops. At the same time, mobilize the power of agricultural socialized service organizations, use drones, large agricultural machinery, etc. to accelerate the progress of post disaster field management, in order to minimize the losses caused by meteorological disasters.

However, the most crucial thing is to actively prepare during normal times. Dealing with uncertainty with certainty and improving the ability of agricultural production to adapt to climate change is undoubtedly the most secure and reliable foundation for response.

Improving the resilience of agricultural infrastructure engineering is a prerequisite for enhancing the adaptability of agricultural production to climate change. At present, some regions have severe aging of agricultural infrastructure and declining supply quality, making it difficult for them to play a role in resisting meteorological disasters at critical times. We should continuously improve the quality of agricultural infrastructure supply, and based on the concept of the entire lifecycle, effectively integrate the requirements of adapting to climate change into the process of agricultural infrastructure supply, and enhance the ability of agricultural infrastructure to respond to climate disasters of different levels and intensities. At the same time, the layout of agricultural infrastructure construction should be adjusted in a timely manner based on changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of agricultural climate resources and climate related disasters.

Enhancing the ability of agricultural producers and operators to prevent and respond to various climate disasters is the key to enhancing the adaptability of agricultural production to climate change. Extreme weather and climate events have to some extent changed the occurrence patterns of agricultural meteorological disasters and agricultural pests and diseases, resulting in climate disasters that rarely occurred in some regions and periods in the past. In this situation, it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of risk awareness for agricultural producers and operators, as well as the training of emergency response skills for complex climate disasters, to make up for the lack of local experience in disaster prevention, reduction and relief, and to improve the awareness and ability of agricultural producers and operators in disaster prevention, reduction and relief.

In addition, cultivating and selecting drought resistant, flood resistant, high-temperature resistant, disease resistant and pest resistant varieties in a planned manner, adjusting agricultural planting structures according to climate change, strengthening technological innovation in adapting agriculture to climate change, and improving the ability of agricultural meteorological disaster risk transfer are also feasible ways to enhance the ability of agricultural production to adapt to climate change. It is necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, increase carbon sinks, stabilize and reduce atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, slow down the rate of climate change, and address agricultural climate risks from the source by adjusting the energy, industry, and other economic systems and natural ecosystems over a long period of time.