El Ni ñ o alert! Global will face high temperatures and test drought | El Ni ñ o year | Global

The hot weather in the northern region temporarily eased on the 12th. However, starting from the 13th, most northern regions will once again be affected by high temperatures, with local highest temperatures reaching over 38 ℃.

According to meteorological satellite monitoring, the high-temperature weather process took the lead in the North China Plain. From tomorrow until the weekend, the high temperature will continue to develop and expand in the north. Among them, the Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Henan, and Shandong regions will experience heatwaves, with the highest temperatures in many parts of Hebei and Henan reaching over 38 ℃.

After the 15th, the range of high temperatures will also expand to Inner Mongolia and Northeast China. This high temperature process lasts for a long time in the North China Plain, and the continuous high temperature days in some places can reach 5 to 6 days. For the Northeast region, this hot weather process will also promote the process of entering summer. The public should pay attention to heatstroke prevention and sun protection when traveling, and replenish more water to avoid heatstroke.

Zhu Dingzhen, a senior engineer at the research level of the China Meteorological Administration: According to the forecast from the Central Meteorological Observatory, on the 15th and 16th, because the development of the warm high pressure ridge is at its peak, these large areas, such as North China and the Huanghuai region, will experience high temperatures above 35 ℃. However, as the warm high pressure ridge gradually moves eastward, the entire high temperature area will also experience a gradual shrinking process.

The All China Federation of Trade Unions has recently deployed measures to prevent heatstroke among employees, requiring trade unions at all levels to urge employers to fulfill their main responsibilities and prevent occupational heatstroke incidents. Urge employers to arrange work hours reasonably, provide necessary personal protective equipment and high-temperature work rest areas for employees, and issue high-temperature allowances in accordance with regulations.

On a global scale, multiple countries will also experience a high-temperature "baking" test. Recently, meteorological experts from the United States and the United Kingdom have issued warnings that the El Ni ñ o climate phenomenon has occurred and is expected to reach a moderate to strong level by autumn and winter. Affected by El Ni ñ o, the global average temperature may reach a new high next year.

The Associated Press quoted climate expert Michelle Lech from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States as saying that this El Ni ñ o phenomenon formed one or two months earlier than most previous such climate phenomena, giving it room for growth. The probability of developing into a strong El Ni ñ o in winter is 56%, and the probability of reaching a super strong level is 25%.

Adam Skeff, the head of the UK Met Office's forecast, told the BBC that forecasts from the past few months suggest that El Ni ñ o may reach its strongest by the end of this year, and if a strong El Ni ñ o occurs at that time, 2024 is likely to become the hottest year on record.

Currently, extreme weather caused by climate change is also continuing to occur in various regions, leading to natural disasters in some areas. In Canada, the spread of wildfires is very severe, with some local officials even warning that the fires may continue "throughout the summer.". The Wall Street Journal reported on the 8th that in 2020, forest fires ravaged Australia, and the smoke from California forest fires also covered multiple cities from Seattle to San Diego. In 2021, wildfires swept through Greece and in 2022, they swept through Portugal. As forests around the world become increasingly dry against the backdrop of climate change, the wildfires that ravaged Canada are becoming increasingly frequent.

In recent years, due to the impact of climate change, many glaciers around the world are also melting at an astonishing rate. A study published in the journal Science shows that about half to over 80% of glaciers worldwide are expected to completely melt and disappear by the end of the 20th century. The article states that glaciers in the Alps, Caucasus Mountains, and Andes Mountains in Europe are all likely to disappear completely by the end of this century.

Glaciologist David Lance from Carnegie Mellon University in the United States: Glacier melting is currently one of the biggest factors causing global sea level rise. When we consider all communities and people living along the coast, many of them are already experiencing floods caused by rising tides and extreme events when storm surges occur.

Drought and lack of rain have also led to a sharp decline in food production in some countries. In Tunisia, four consecutive years of drought and non seasonal high temperatures have destroyed crop production. In Spain, known as the "basket of vegetables" in Europe, due to the continuous drought, local agricultural production has experienced varying degrees of reduction and price increases. Even Iberian ham, known as the national treasure of Spain, will be reduced in production. In India, since June, temperatures in many areas have exceeded 40 degrees Celsius, and the hot weather has not only affected crop yields such as rice and fruits and vegetables. Meanwhile, due to the lack of sufficient cold chain logistics facilities, a large number of agricultural products have deteriorated during transportation.

What exactly is an El Ni ñ o phenomenon? How does El Ni ñ o affect the climate?

What is El Ni ñ o?

Zhu Dingzhen, a senior engineer at the research level of the China Meteorological Administration: For El Ni ñ o, it is actually a phenomenon where the sea surface temperature in a specific sea area is higher than normal. Under normal circumstances, the airflow is rotating, rising into rain in one area while falling in another area, resulting in relatively sunny weather. After the occurrence of El Ni ñ o, the areas that rise to rain and the areas that sink will undergo changes, resulting in certain regional climate disturbances.

What disasters will El Ni ñ o bring?

Zhu Dingzhen, a senior engineer at the research level of the China Meteorological Administration: For the world, it is possible to cause widespread famine. Many places used to have sufficient rainfall, but this kind of drought has occurred, and even more diseases and pests have appeared, causing the spread of epidemics; The rolling of water and cold water in the ocean, as well as the complete reversal of the distribution of hot surfaces, can also cause damage to marine life and food chains. Of course, some people have analyzed that in the El Ni ñ o year, due to its relatively warm climate and more drought, there will be more forest and grassland fires in these arid and less rainy areas. At this time, the floating debris caused will cause pollution and impact on our health.

How will El Ni ñ o affect China's climate?

Zhu Dingzhen, a senior engineer at the research level of the China Meteorological Administration: After the occurrence of El Ni ñ o, its impact on our country has four aspects from a statistical perspective: one is the probability of warm winter weather occurring; Another possibility is that in summer, there will be a distribution of hot in the north and cool in the south; The phenomenon of flooding in the south and drought in the north often occurs during the year of El Ni ñ o development; Because the sea surface temperature in the Northwest Pacific is a relatively cold cycle, the likelihood of generating typhoons in these regions will decrease.