Acute onset and rapid spread! Reported cholera cases in one place | Infectious diseases | Province | Cholera
The Guangdong Provincial Health Commission recently reported that in June this year, the province reported a total of 330474 cases of statutory infectious diseases and 137 deaths. Among them, one case of Class A infectious disease was reported, and no deaths were reported.
From January to May this year, there were no reported cases of Class A infectious diseases in Guangdong. Earlier, the report of three cholera cases in China attracted widespread attention.
What is cholera?
Cholera is an acute intestinal infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae.
It is one of the two Class A infectious diseases in China and one of the three international quarantine infectious diseases today, characterized by acute onset, severe illness, fast transmission speed, and wide transmission range.
But in recent years, the cholera cases discovered in Guangdong are mainly caused by non-toxic Vibrio cholerae, with mild symptoms.
How do people contract cholera?
Cholera is an orally transmitted intestinal infectious disease that is often transmitted through water, food, daily contact, and flies.
Summer and autumn are high incidence seasons for cholera. The population is generally susceptible, but not everyone develops symptoms after infection due to factors such as stomach acid and immune system.
In newly infected areas, adults are more susceptible to infection than children; In endemic areas, the incidence rate of children is higher than that of adults, and the latter's resistance to infection increases with the increase of antibody titer to Vibrio cholerae.
It is rare for severe infections to occur again after illness.
What are the symptoms of cholera infection?
The incubation period of cholera is very short, usually several hours to 5 days.
The main symptoms of human infection with cholera are vomiting and watery diarrhea, occurring several to dozens of times a day, often accompanied by jet vomiting.
Some cases may experience symptoms such as dehydration, circulatory failure, muscle spasms, and uremia due to persistent vomiting and diarrhea, and may be accompanied by serious complications such as acute kidney failure and acute pulmonary edema.
If timely and formal treatment is not obtained, critically ill patients can die within 12-24 hours.
Treatment measures
Cholera is highly contagious, and once infection is detected, both mild and carrier cases should be isolated and treated.
The principle of treatment for this disease is strict isolation, and there is currently no specific medication available. Only symptomatic treatment can be carried out, with timely supplementation of water and electrolytes, supplemented by antibacterial treatment. Patients with severe vomiting should pause eating and wait for vomiting and diarrhea to subside before receiving a liquid diet. At the same time, attention should be paid to the occurrence of complications.
Individuals suspected of being infected with cholera should seek medical attention promptly.
How to prevent cholera?
The main way to prevent cholera is to "manage your mouth well" and prevent the disease from entering through your mouth.
Five essentials: wash hands before and after meals, cook seafood products, heat through food between meals, separate raw and cooked foods, and seek medical attention if symptoms occur;
Five Don'ts: Do not drink uncooked water, do not visit unlicensed restaurants, do not eat rotten food, do not drink or overeat excessively, and do not touch items that may be contaminated and have not been disinfected.
China News Agency comprehensively collects information from the website of Guangdong Provincial Health Commission, China News Network, official WeChat of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, Health Times, People's Daily Science Popularization, etc
